![]() You should always go with the strongest signal You are going to have to do some test blots and maybe try a few genes before you find the one that works for your experiment. The lesson is, you have to be very careful when choosing a housekeeping gene as a control, and make sure your conditions and treatment protocols do not alter it’s expression. Infection by viruses (a common method for delivering exogenous genes) can also alter housekeeping genes. Or that housekeeping gene expression can change during development. But this isn’t always so.Ī look at PubMed shows you that spinal chord injury affects beta-actin expression but not beta-tubulin. Housekeeping genes are usually expressed quite regularly and often are not changed by treatment protocols. You’ve been given the standard sales pitch – housekeeping genes are ubiquitously expressed across cell types and their expression patterns don’t change. Housekeeping genes are constitutively expressed, right? They seem like they should be good controls, but there are some major reasons why housekeeping genes can give you trouble. They are believed to be constitutively expressed with few alterations in expression pattern.Ĭommon housekeeping genes used to normalize Western blots include: glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GADPH), beta-actin, tubulin or heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). Housekeeping genes are so-named because they express proteins whose functions are for maintenance of basic cell functions. You’ve proved your point and you move on to other experiments.īut is this result really valid and useful? Some may say it isn’t… Your housekeeping gene blot gives you a nice, robust signal. Then, you also probe for housekeeping genes to prove that any changes you see are not due to loading inconsistencies nor a lack of protein in a lane. ACTB p.Arg183Trp heterozygosity has been reported in six patients to cause combined infant-onset deafness and dystonia manifesting in adolescence or young adulthood.It’s tradition – you perform a Western blot to observe the expression pattern of your protein of interest. Dystonia-deafness syndrome is a well-known clinical entity, with sensorineural deafness typically manifesting earlier than dystonia. ![]() ACTB, a significant upregulated gene in abdominal aortic aneurysm samples, could be regulated by CLIC4, which was significantly enriched in cell motions. TUBB, HPRT and ACTB were the most stably expressed genes for all analysis groups across meningioma and non-pathological meningeal tissue combined. An important paralog of this gene is ACTG1. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include identical protein binding and RNA polymerase II proximal promoter sequence-specific DNA binding. Among its related pathways are Salivary secretion and Development Slit-Robo signaling. Diseases associated with ACTB include Dystonia, Juvenile-Onset and Baraitser-Winter Syndrome 1.
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